Changed u8* to MemoryRef

TODO

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 ✔ CPU @done(19-08-13 15:41)
 ✔ Memory @done(19-08-13 15:41)
     ☐ Page tables
+        Need to change uses to shared_ptr
     ✔ Skip N3DS RAM if unused @done(20-01-03 23:26)
 ✔ DSP @done(19-12-28 16:57)
     Memory only
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
     Doesn't need to be serialized here
 ✔ Replace SERIALIZE_AS_POD with BOOST_IS_BITWISE_SERIALIZABLE @started(20-01-03 13:47) @done(20-01-03 13:58) @lasted(11m22s)
 ☐ Review constructor/initialization code
+☐ Review core timing events
 ✔ Fix CI @done(19-12-31 21:32)
 ✔ HW @done(19-08-13 15:41)
     ✔ GPU regs @done(19-08-13 15:41)
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@
         ✔ Address arbiter @done(19-08-13 16:40)
         ✔ Client port @done(19-08-13 16:40)
         ✔ Client session @done(19-08-13 16:40)
-        ✔ Config mem @done(19-08-13 16:40)
+        ✔ Config mem @done(20-01-04 21:09)
         ✔ Event @done(19-12-22 18:44)
         ✔ Handle table @done(19-08-13 16:42)
         ✔ HLE IPC @done(19-12-23 00:36)
@@ -80,16 +82,15 @@
                 This is needed because IPC can take as long as it takes
                 Changed the unique_ptr<u8[]> to vector<u8>
         ✔ Session @done(19-08-13 16:44)
-        ☐ Shared memory @started(19-12-22 21:20)
+        ✔ Shared memory @started(19-12-22 21:20) @done(20-01-04 21:09) @lasted(1w5d23h49m26s)
             Need to figure out backing memory (a u8*)
-        ✘ Shared page @started(19-08-13 16:44) @cancelled(19-12-22 11:19)
+        ✔ Shared page @done(20-01-04 21:09)
-            Not needed right now as shared_page is read-only and derived from other data
         ✔ SVC @done(19-12-22 21:32)
             Nothing to do - all data is constant
         ☐ Thread @started(19-08-13 16:45)
             This requires refactoring wakeup_callback to be an object ref
         ✔ Timer @done(19-08-13 16:45)
-        ☐ VM Manager @started(19-08-13 16:46)
+        ✔ VM Manager @started(19-08-13 16:46) @done(20-01-04 21:09) @lasted(20w4d5h23m42s)
             Just need to figure out backing_mem (a u8*)
         ✔ Wait object @done(19-08-13 16:46)
     ☐ Service @started(19-12-23 12:49)

src/common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ add_library(common STATIC
     logging/text_formatter.cpp
     logging/text_formatter.h
     math_util.h
+    memory_ref.h
+    memory_ref.cpp
     microprofile.cpp
     microprofile.h
     microprofileui.h
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ endif()
 
 create_target_directory_groups(common)
 
-target_link_libraries(common PUBLIC fmt microprofile)
+target_link_libraries(common PUBLIC fmt microprofile Boost::boost Boost::serialization)
 target_link_libraries(common PRIVATE libzstd_static)
 if (ARCHITECTURE_x86_64)
     target_link_libraries(common PRIVATE xbyak)

src/common/memory_ref.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#include "common/archives.h"
+#include "common/memory_ref.h"
+
+SERIALIZE_EXPORT_IMPL(BufferMem)

src/common/memory_ref.h

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+#include <boost/serialization/export.hpp>
+#include <boost/serialization/shared_ptr.hpp>
+#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+/// Abstract host-side memory - for example a static buffer, or local vector
+class BackingMem {
+public:
+    virtual ~BackingMem() = default;
+    virtual u8* GetPtr() = 0;
+    virtual u32 GetSize() const = 0;
+};
+
+/// Backing memory implemented by a local buffer
+class BufferMem : public BackingMem {
+public:
+    BufferMem() = default;
+    BufferMem(u32 size) : data(std::vector<u8>(size)) {}
+
+    virtual u8* GetPtr() {
+        return data.data();
+    }
+
+    virtual u32 GetSize() const {
+        return static_cast<u32>(data.size());
+    }
+
+    std::vector<u8>& Vector() {
+        return data;
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::vector<u8> data;
+
+    template <class Archive>
+    void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int) {
+        ar& data;
+    }
+    friend class boost::serialization::access;
+};
+
+BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT_KEY(BufferMem);
+
+/// A managed reference to host-side memory. Fast enough to be used everywhere instead of u8*
+/// Supports serialization.
+class MemoryRef {
+public:
+    MemoryRef() = default;
+    MemoryRef(std::nullptr_t) {}
+    MemoryRef(std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> backing_mem_)
+        : backing_mem(std::move(backing_mem_)), offset(0) {
+        Init();
+    }
+    MemoryRef(std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> backing_mem_, u32 offset_)
+        : backing_mem(std::move(backing_mem_)), offset(offset_) {
+        ASSERT(offset < backing_mem->GetSize());
+        Init();
+    }
+    inline operator u8*() {
+        return cptr;
+    }
+    inline u8* GetPtr() {
+        return cptr;
+    }
+    inline operator bool() const {
+        return cptr != nullptr;
+    }
+    inline const u8* GetPtr() const {
+        return cptr;
+    }
+    inline u32 GetSize() const {
+        return csize;
+    }
+    inline void operator+=(u32 offset_by) {
+        ASSERT(offset_by < csize);
+        offset += offset_by;
+        Init();
+    }
+    inline MemoryRef operator+(u32 offset_by) const {
+        ASSERT(offset_by < csize);
+        return MemoryRef(backing_mem, offset + offset_by);
+    }
+    inline u8* operator+(std::size_t offset_by) const {
+        ASSERT(offset_by < csize);
+        return cptr + offset_by;
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> backing_mem;
+    u32 offset;
+    // Cached values for speed
+    u8* cptr;
+    u32 csize;
+
+    void Init() {
+        cptr = backing_mem->GetPtr() + offset;
+        csize = static_cast<u32>(backing_mem->GetSize() - offset);
+    }
+
+    template <class Archive>
+    void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int) {
+        ar& backing_mem;
+        ar& offset;
+        Init();
+    }
+    friend class boost::serialization::access;
+};

src/core/arm/dynarmic/arm_dynarmic.cpp

@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ void ARM_Dynarmic::PageTableChanged() {
 std::unique_ptr<Dynarmic::A32::Jit> ARM_Dynarmic::MakeJit() {
     Dynarmic::A32::UserConfig config;
     config.callbacks = cb.get();
-    config.page_table = &current_page_table->pointers;
+    config.page_table = &current_page_table->GetPointerArray();
     config.coprocessors[15] = std::make_shared<DynarmicCP15>(interpreter_state);
     config.define_unpredictable_behaviour = true;
     return std::make_unique<Dynarmic::A32::Jit>(config);

src/core/hle/kernel/config_mem.h

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <boost/serialization/binary_object.hpp>
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/memory_ref.h"
 #include "common/swap.h"
 #include "core/memory.h"
 
@@ -50,11 +51,19 @@ struct ConfigMemDef {
 static_assert(sizeof(ConfigMemDef) == Memory::CONFIG_MEMORY_SIZE,
               "Config Memory structure size is wrong");
 
-class Handler {
+class Handler : public BackingMem {
 public:
     Handler();
     ConfigMemDef& GetConfigMem();
 
+    virtual u8* GetPtr() {
+        return static_cast<u8*>(static_cast<void*>(&config_mem));
+    }
+
+    virtual u32 GetSize() const {
+        return sizeof(config_mem);
+    }
+
 private:
     ConfigMemDef config_mem;
 

src/core/hle/kernel/ipc.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/memory_ref.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/hle/ipc.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/handle_table.h"
@@ -193,28 +194,29 @@ ResultCode TranslateCommandBuffer(Kernel::KernelSystem& kernel, Memory::MemorySy
             // TODO(Subv): Perform permission checks.
 
             // Reserve a page of memory before the mapped buffer
-            auto reserve_buffer = std::vector<u8>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+            std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> reserve_buffer =
+                std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
             dst_process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemoryToBase(
-                Memory::IPC_MAPPING_VADDR, Memory::IPC_MAPPING_SIZE, reserve_buffer.data(),
+                Memory::IPC_MAPPING_VADDR, Memory::IPC_MAPPING_SIZE, reserve_buffer,
                 Memory::PAGE_SIZE, Kernel::MemoryState::Reserved);
 
-            auto buffer = std::vector<u8>(num_pages * Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+            std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> buffer =
-            memory.ReadBlock(*src_process, source_address, buffer.data() + page_offset, size);
+                std::make_shared<BufferMem>(num_pages * Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+            memory.ReadBlock(*src_process, source_address, buffer->GetPtr() + page_offset, size);
 
             // Map the page(s) into the target process' address space.
             target_address =
                 dst_process->vm_manager
                     .MapBackingMemoryToBase(Memory::IPC_MAPPING_VADDR, Memory::IPC_MAPPING_SIZE,
-                                            buffer.data(), num_pages * Memory::PAGE_SIZE,
+                                            buffer, buffer->GetSize(), Kernel::MemoryState::Shared)
-                                            Kernel::MemoryState::Shared)
                     .Unwrap();
 
             cmd_buf[i++] = target_address + page_offset;
 
             // Reserve a page of memory after the mapped buffer
             dst_process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemoryToBase(
-                Memory::IPC_MAPPING_VADDR, Memory::IPC_MAPPING_SIZE, reserve_buffer.data(),
+                Memory::IPC_MAPPING_VADDR, Memory::IPC_MAPPING_SIZE, reserve_buffer,
-                Memory::PAGE_SIZE, Kernel::MemoryState::Reserved);
+                reserve_buffer->GetSize(), Kernel::MemoryState::Reserved);
 
             mapped_buffer_context.push_back({permissions, size, source_address,
                                              target_address + page_offset, std::move(buffer),

src/core/hle/kernel/ipc.h

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <vector>
-#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
+#include <boost/serialization/shared_ptr.hpp>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/ipc.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/thread.h"
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ struct MappedBufferContext {
     VAddr source_address;
     VAddr target_address;
 
-    std::vector<u8> buffer;
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> buffer;
-    std::vector<u8> reserve_buffer;
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> reserve_buffer;
 
 private:
     template <class Archive>

src/core/hle/kernel/kernel.cpp

@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ void KernelSystem::serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int file_version) {
     ar& process_list;
     ar& current_process;
     ar&* thread_manager.get();
-    ar&* config_mem_handler.get();
+    ar& config_mem_handler;
-    // Shared page data is read-only at the moment, so doesn't need serializing
+    ar& shared_page_handler;
     // Deliberately don't include debugger info to allow debugging through loads
 }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/kernel.h

@@ -282,8 +282,8 @@ private:
 
     std::unique_ptr<ThreadManager> thread_manager;
 
-    std::unique_ptr<ConfigMem::Handler> config_mem_handler;
+    std::shared_ptr<ConfigMem::Handler> config_mem_handler;
-    std::unique_ptr<SharedPage::Handler> shared_page_handler;
+    std::shared_ptr<SharedPage::Handler> shared_page_handler;
 
     std::unique_ptr<IPCDebugger::Recorder> ipc_recorder;
 

src/core/hle/kernel/memory.cpp

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ void KernelSystem::MemoryInit(u32 mem_type) {
     // We must've allocated the entire FCRAM by the end
     ASSERT(base == Memory::FCRAM_SIZE);
 
-    config_mem_handler = std::make_unique<ConfigMem::Handler>();
+    config_mem_handler = std::make_shared<ConfigMem::Handler>();
     auto& config_mem = config_mem_handler->GetConfigMem();
     config_mem.app_mem_type = mem_type;
     // app_mem_malloc does not always match the configured size for memory_region[0]: in case the
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ void KernelSystem::MemoryInit(u32 mem_type) {
     config_mem.sys_mem_alloc = memory_regions[1].size;
     config_mem.base_mem_alloc = memory_regions[2].size;
 
-    shared_page_handler = std::make_unique<SharedPage::Handler>(timing);
+    shared_page_handler = std::make_shared<SharedPage::Handler>(timing);
 }
 
 MemoryRegionInfo* KernelSystem::GetMemoryRegion(MemoryRegion region) {
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ void KernelSystem::HandleSpecialMapping(VMManager& address_space, const AddressM
         return;
     }
 
-    u8* target_pointer = memory.GetPhysicalPointer(area->paddr_base + offset_into_region);
+    auto target_pointer = memory.GetPhysicalRef(area->paddr_base + offset_into_region);
 
     // TODO(yuriks): This flag seems to have some other effect, but it's unknown what
     MemoryState memory_state = mapping.unk_flag ? MemoryState::Static : MemoryState::IO;
@@ -140,20 +140,16 @@ void KernelSystem::HandleSpecialMapping(VMManager& address_space, const AddressM
 }
 
 void KernelSystem::MapSharedPages(VMManager& address_space) {
-    auto cfg_mem_vma =
+    auto cfg_mem_vma = address_space
-        address_space
+                           .MapBackingMemory(Memory::CONFIG_MEMORY_VADDR, {config_mem_handler},
-            .MapBackingMemory(Memory::CONFIG_MEMORY_VADDR,
+                                             Memory::CONFIG_MEMORY_SIZE, MemoryState::Shared)
-                              reinterpret_cast<u8*>(&config_mem_handler->GetConfigMem()),
+                           .Unwrap();
-                              Memory::CONFIG_MEMORY_SIZE, MemoryState::Shared)
-            .Unwrap();
     address_space.Reprotect(cfg_mem_vma, VMAPermission::Read);
 
-    auto shared_page_vma =
+    auto shared_page_vma = address_space
-        address_space
+                               .MapBackingMemory(Memory::SHARED_PAGE_VADDR, {shared_page_handler},
-            .MapBackingMemory(Memory::SHARED_PAGE_VADDR,
+                                                 Memory::SHARED_PAGE_SIZE, MemoryState::Shared)
-                              reinterpret_cast<u8*>(&shared_page_handler->GetSharedPage()),
+                               .Unwrap();
-                              Memory::SHARED_PAGE_SIZE, MemoryState::Shared)
-            .Unwrap();
     address_space.Reprotect(shared_page_vma, VMAPermission::Read);
 }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/process.cpp

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ ResultVal<VAddr> Process::HeapAllocate(VAddr target, u32 size, VMAPermission per
         std::fill(kernel.memory.GetFCRAMPointer(interval.lower()),
                   kernel.memory.GetFCRAMPointer(interval.upper()), 0);
         auto vma = vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(interval_target,
-                                               kernel.memory.GetFCRAMPointer(interval.lower()),
+                                               kernel.memory.GetFCRAMRef(interval.lower()),
                                                interval_size, memory_state);
         ASSERT(vma.Succeeded());
         vm_manager.Reprotect(vma.Unwrap(), perms);
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ ResultCode Process::HeapFree(VAddr target, u32 size) {
     // Free heaps block by block
     CASCADE_RESULT(auto backing_blocks, vm_manager.GetBackingBlocksForRange(target, size));
     for (const auto [backing_memory, block_size] : backing_blocks) {
-        memory_region->Free(kernel.memory.GetFCRAMOffset(backing_memory), block_size);
+        memory_region->Free(kernel.memory.GetFCRAMOffset(backing_memory.GetPtr()), block_size);
     }
 
     ResultCode result = vm_manager.UnmapRange(target, size);
@@ -295,9 +295,9 @@ ResultVal<VAddr> Process::LinearAllocate(VAddr target, u32 size, VMAPermission p
         }
     }
 
-    u8* backing_memory = kernel.memory.GetFCRAMPointer(physical_offset);
+    auto backing_memory = kernel.memory.GetFCRAMRef(physical_offset);
 
-    std::fill(backing_memory, backing_memory + size, 0);
+    std::fill(backing_memory.GetPtr(), backing_memory.GetPtr() + size, 0);
     auto vma = vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(target, backing_memory, size, MemoryState::Continuous);
     ASSERT(vma.Succeeded());
     vm_manager.Reprotect(vma.Unwrap(), perms);

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.cpp

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ ResultVal<std::shared_ptr<SharedMemory>> KernelSystem::CreateSharedMemory(
         ASSERT_MSG(offset, "Not enough space in region to allocate shared memory!");
 
         std::fill(memory.GetFCRAMPointer(*offset), memory.GetFCRAMPointer(*offset + size), 0);
-        shared_memory->backing_blocks = {{memory.GetFCRAMPointer(*offset), size}};
+        shared_memory->backing_blocks = {{memory.GetFCRAMRef(*offset), size}};
         shared_memory->holding_memory += MemoryRegionInfo::Interval(*offset, *offset + size);
         shared_memory->linear_heap_phys_offset = *offset;
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<SharedMemory> KernelSystem::CreateSharedMemoryForApplet(
     shared_memory->other_permissions = other_permissions;
     for (const auto& interval : backing_blocks) {
         shared_memory->backing_blocks.push_back(
-            {memory.GetFCRAMPointer(interval.lower()), interval.upper() - interval.lower()});
+            {memory.GetFCRAMRef(interval.lower()), interval.upper() - interval.lower()});
         std::fill(memory.GetFCRAMPointer(interval.lower()),
                   memory.GetFCRAMPointer(interval.upper()), 0);
     }

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <boost/serialization/export.hpp>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/memory_ref.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/object.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/process.h"
 #include "core/hle/result.h"
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ private:
     /// during creation.
     PAddr linear_heap_phys_offset = 0;
     /// Backing memory for this shared memory block.
-    std::vector<std::pair<u8*, u32>> backing_blocks;
+    std::vector<std::pair<MemoryRef, u32>> backing_blocks;
     /// Size of the memory block. Page-aligned.
     u32 size = 0;
     /// Permission restrictions applied to the process which created the block.
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ private:
     template <class Archive>
     void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int file_version) {
         ar& linear_heap_phys_offset;
-        // TODO: backing blocks u8* (this is always FCRAM I think)
+        ar& backing_blocks;
         ar& size;
         ar& permissions;
         ar& other_permissions;

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_page.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstring>
+#include "common/archives.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/core_timing.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/shared_page.h"
@@ -13,6 +14,17 @@
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+namespace boost::serialization {
+
+template <class Archive>
+void load_construct_data(Archive& ar, SharedPage::Handler* t, const unsigned int) {
+    ::new (t) SharedPage::Handler(Core::System::GetInstance().CoreTiming());
+}
+template void load_construct_data<iarchive>(iarchive& ar, SharedPage::Handler* t,
+                                            const unsigned int);
+
+} // namespace boost::serialization
+
 namespace SharedPage {
 
 static std::chrono::seconds GetInitTime() {

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_page.h

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/memory_ref.h"
 #include "common/swap.h"
 #include "core/memory.h"
 
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ struct SharedPageDef {
 static_assert(sizeof(SharedPageDef) == Memory::SHARED_PAGE_SIZE,
               "Shared page structure size is wrong");
 
-class Handler {
+class Handler : public BackingMem {
 public:
     Handler(Core::Timing& timing);
 
@@ -97,6 +98,14 @@ public:
 
     SharedPageDef& GetSharedPage();
 
+    virtual u8* GetPtr() {
+        return static_cast<u8*>(static_cast<void*>(&shared_page));
+    }
+
+    virtual u32 GetSize() const {
+        return sizeof(shared_page);
+    }
+
 private:
     u64 GetSystemTime() const;
     void UpdateTimeCallback(u64 userdata, int cycles_late);
@@ -105,6 +114,19 @@ private:
     std::chrono::seconds init_time;
 
     SharedPageDef shared_page;
+
+    template <class Archive>
+    void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int) {
+        ar& boost::serialization::make_binary_object(&shared_page, sizeof(shared_page));
+    }
+    friend class boost::serialization::access;
 };
 
 } // namespace SharedPage
+
+namespace boost::serialization {
+
+template <class Archive>
+void load_construct_data(Archive& ar, SharedPage::Handler* t, const unsigned int);
+
+} // namespace boost::serialization

src/core/hle/kernel/thread.cpp

@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ ResultVal<std::shared_ptr<Thread>> KernelSystem::CreateThread(std::string name,
 
         // Map the page to the current process' address space.
         vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(Memory::TLS_AREA_VADDR + available_page * Memory::PAGE_SIZE,
-                                    memory.GetFCRAMPointer(*offset), Memory::PAGE_SIZE,
+                                    memory.GetFCRAMRef(*offset), Memory::PAGE_SIZE,
                                     MemoryState::Locked);
     }
 

src/core/hle/kernel/vm_manager.cpp

@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ bool VirtualMemoryArea::CanBeMergedWith(const VirtualMemoryArea& next) const {
         type != next.type) {
         return false;
     }
-    if (type == VMAType::BackingMemory && backing_memory + size != next.backing_memory) {
+    if (type == VMAType::BackingMemory &&
+        backing_memory.GetPtr() + size != next.backing_memory.GetPtr()) {
         return false;
     }
     if (type == VMAType::MMIO && paddr + size != next.paddr) {
@@ -50,8 +51,7 @@ void VMManager::Reset() {
     initial_vma.size = MAX_ADDRESS;
     vma_map.emplace(initial_vma.base, initial_vma);
 
-    page_table.pointers.fill(nullptr);
+    page_table.Clear();
-    page_table.attributes.fill(Memory::PageType::Unmapped);
 
     UpdatePageTableForVMA(initial_vma);
 }
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ VMManager::VMAHandle VMManager::FindVMA(VAddr target) const {
     }
 }
 
-ResultVal<VAddr> VMManager::MapBackingMemoryToBase(VAddr base, u32 region_size, u8* memory,
+ResultVal<VAddr> VMManager::MapBackingMemoryToBase(VAddr base, u32 region_size, MemoryRef memory,
                                                    u32 size, MemoryState state) {
 
     // Find the first Free VMA.
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ ResultVal<VAddr> VMManager::MapBackingMemoryToBase(VAddr base, u32 region_size,
     return MakeResult<VAddr>(target);
 }
 
-ResultVal<VMManager::VMAHandle> VMManager::MapBackingMemory(VAddr target, u8* memory, u32 size,
+ResultVal<VMManager::VMAHandle> VMManager::MapBackingMemory(VAddr target, MemoryRef memory,
-                                                            MemoryState state) {
+                                                            u32 size, MemoryState state) {
-    ASSERT(memory != nullptr);
+    ASSERT(memory.GetPtr() != nullptr);
 
     // This is the appropriately sized VMA that will turn into our allocation.
     CASCADE_RESULT(VMAIter vma_handle, CarveVMA(target, size));
@@ -359,9 +359,9 @@ void VMManager::UpdatePageTableForVMA(const VirtualMemoryArea& vma) {
     }
 }
 
-ResultVal<std::vector<std::pair<u8*, u32>>> VMManager::GetBackingBlocksForRange(VAddr address,
+ResultVal<std::vector<std::pair<MemoryRef, u32>>> VMManager::GetBackingBlocksForRange(VAddr address,
-                                                                                u32 size) {
+                                                                                      u32 size) {
-    std::vector<std::pair<u8*, u32>> backing_blocks;
+    std::vector<std::pair<MemoryRef, u32>> backing_blocks;
     VAddr interval_target = address;
     while (interval_target != address + size) {
         auto vma = FindVMA(interval_target);
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ ResultVal<std::vector<std::pair<u8*, u32>>> VMManager::GetBackingBlocksForRange(
 
         VAddr interval_end = std::min(address + size, vma->second.base + vma->second.size);
         u32 interval_size = interval_end - interval_target;
-        u8* backing_memory = vma->second.backing_memory + (interval_target - vma->second.base);
+        auto backing_memory = vma->second.backing_memory + (interval_target - vma->second.base);
         backing_blocks.push_back({backing_memory, interval_size});
 
         interval_target += interval_size;

src/core/hle/kernel/vm_manager.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <boost/serialization/map.hpp>
 #include <boost/serialization/split_member.hpp>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/memory_ref.h"
 #include "core/hle/result.h"
 #include "core/memory.h"
 #include "core/mmio.h"
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ struct VirtualMemoryArea {
 
     // Settings for type = BackingMemory
     /// Pointer backing this VMA. It will not be destroyed or freed when the VMA is removed.
-    u8* backing_memory = nullptr;
+    MemoryRef backing_memory{};
 
     // Settings for type = MMIO
     /// Physical address of the register area this VMA maps to.
@@ -92,8 +93,7 @@ private:
         ar& type;
         ar& permissions;
         ar& meminfo_state;
-        // TODO: backing memory ref
+        ar& backing_memory;
-        // backing memory can be: Physical/FCRAM pointer, config mem, shared page
         ar& paddr;
         ar& mmio_handler;
     }
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ public:
      * @param state MemoryState tag to attach to the VMA.
      * @returns The address at which the memory was mapped.
      */
-    ResultVal<VAddr> MapBackingMemoryToBase(VAddr base, u32 region_size, u8* memory, u32 size,
+    ResultVal<VAddr> MapBackingMemoryToBase(VAddr base, u32 region_size, MemoryRef memory, u32 size,
                                             MemoryState state);
     /**
      * Maps an unmanaged host memory pointer at a given address.
@@ -161,7 +161,8 @@ public:
      * @param size Size of the mapping.
      * @param state MemoryState tag to attach to the VMA.
      */
-    ResultVal<VMAHandle> MapBackingMemory(VAddr target, u8* memory, u32 size, MemoryState state);
+    ResultVal<VMAHandle> MapBackingMemory(VAddr target, MemoryRef memory, u32 size,
+                                          MemoryState state);
 
     /**
      * Maps a memory-mapped IO region at a given address.
@@ -203,38 +204,14 @@ public:
     void LogLayout(Log::Level log_level) const;
 
     /// Gets a list of backing memory blocks for the specified range
-    ResultVal<std::vector<std::pair<u8*, u32>>> GetBackingBlocksForRange(VAddr address, u32 size);
+    ResultVal<std::vector<std::pair<MemoryRef, u32>>> GetBackingBlocksForRange(VAddr address,
+                                                                               u32 size);
 
     /// Each VMManager has its own page table, which is set as the main one when the owning process
     /// is scheduled.
     Memory::PageTable page_table;
 
 private:
-    friend class boost::serialization::access;
-    template <class Archive>
-    void save(Archive& ar, const unsigned int file_version) const {
-        ar& vma_map;
-        for (int i = 0; i < page_table.pointers.size(); i++) {
-            ar << memory.GetFCRAMOffset(page_table.pointers[i]);
-        }
-        ar& page_table.special_regions;
-        ar& page_table.attributes;
-    }
-
-    template <class Archive>
-    void load(Archive& ar, const unsigned int file_version) {
-        ar& vma_map;
-        for (int i = 0; i < page_table.pointers.size(); i++) {
-            u32 offset{};
-            ar >> offset;
-            page_table.pointers[i] = memory.GetFCRAMPointer(offset);
-        }
-        ar& page_table.special_regions;
-        ar& page_table.attributes;
-    }
-
-    BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER()
-
     using VMAIter = decltype(vma_map)::iterator;
 
     /// Converts a VMAHandle to a mutable VMAIter.
@@ -271,5 +248,12 @@ private:
     void UpdatePageTableForVMA(const VirtualMemoryArea& vma);
 
     Memory::MemorySystem& memory;
+
+    template <class Archive>
+    void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int) {
+        ar& vma_map;
+        ar& page_table;
+    }
+    friend class boost::serialization::access;
 };
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/memory.cpp

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "common/swap.h"
 #include "core/arm/arm_interface.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/global.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/process.h"
 #include "core/hle/lock.h"
@@ -22,8 +23,19 @@
 #include "video_core/renderer_base.h"
 #include "video_core/video_core.h"
 
+SERIALIZE_EXPORT_IMPL(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::FCRAM>)
+SERIALIZE_EXPORT_IMPL(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::VRAM>)
+SERIALIZE_EXPORT_IMPL(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::DSP>)
+SERIALIZE_EXPORT_IMPL(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::N3DS>)
+
 namespace Memory {
 
+void PageTable::Clear() {
+    pointers.raw.fill(nullptr);
+    pointers.refs.fill(MemoryRef());
+    attributes.fill(PageType::Unmapped);
+}
+
 class RasterizerCacheMarker {
 public:
     void Mark(VAddr addr, bool cached) {
@@ -81,6 +93,43 @@ public:
 
     AudioCore::DspInterface* dsp = nullptr;
 
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> fcram_mem;
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> vram_mem;
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> n3ds_extra_ram_mem;
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> dsp_mem;
+
+    MemorySystem::Impl();
+
+    virtual u8* GetPtr(Region r) {
+        switch (r) {
+        case Region::VRAM:
+            return vram.get();
+        case Region::DSP:
+            return dsp->GetDspMemory().data();
+        case Region::FCRAM:
+            return fcram.get();
+        case Region::N3DS:
+            return n3ds_extra_ram.get();
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual u32 GetSize(Region r) const {
+        switch (r) {
+        case Region::VRAM:
+            return VRAM_SIZE;
+        case Region::DSP:
+            return DSP_RAM_SIZE;
+        case Region::FCRAM:
+            return FCRAM_N3DS_SIZE;
+        case Region::N3DS:
+            return N3DS_EXTRA_RAM_SIZE;
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    }
+
 private:
     friend class boost::serialization::access;
     template <class Archive>
@@ -95,10 +144,41 @@ private:
         ar& cache_marker;
         ar& page_table_list;
         // dsp is set from Core::System at startup
-        // current page table set from current process?
+        // TODO: current_page_table
+        ar& fcram_mem;
+        ar& vram_mem;
+        ar& n3ds_extra_ram_mem;
+        ar& dsp_mem;
     }
 };
 
+// We use this rather than BufferMem because we don't want new objects to be allocated when
+// deserializing. This avoids unnecessary memory thrashing.
+template <Region R>
+class MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl : public BackingMem {
+public:
+    BackingMemImpl() : system(Core::Global<Core::System>().Memory()) {}
+    virtual u8* GetPtr() {
+        return system.impl->GetPtr(R);
+    }
+    virtual u32 GetSize() const {
+        return system.impl->GetSize(R);
+    }
+
+private:
+    MemorySystem& system;
+
+    template <class Archive>
+    void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int) {}
+    friend class boost::serialization::access;
+};
+
+MemorySystem::Impl::Impl()
+    : fcram_mem(std::make_shared<BackingMemImpl<Region::FCRAM>>()),
+      vram_mem(std::make_shared<BackingMemImpl<Region::VRAM>>()),
+      n3ds_extra_ram_mem(std::make_shared<BackingMemImpl<Region::N3DS>>()),
+      dsp_mem(std::make_shared<BackingMemImpl<Region::DSP>>()) {}
+
 MemorySystem::MemorySystem() : impl(std::make_unique<Impl>()) {}
 MemorySystem::~MemorySystem() = default;
 
@@ -117,8 +197,9 @@ PageTable* MemorySystem::GetCurrentPageTable() const {
     return impl->current_page_table;
 }
 
-void MemorySystem::MapPages(PageTable& page_table, u32 base, u32 size, u8* memory, PageType type) {
+void MemorySystem::MapPages(PageTable& page_table, u32 base, u32 size, MemoryRef memory,
-    LOG_DEBUG(HW_Memory, "Mapping {} onto {:08X}-{:08X}", (void*)memory, base * PAGE_SIZE,
+                            PageType type) {
+    LOG_DEBUG(HW_Memory, "Mapping {} onto {:08X}-{:08X}", (void*)memory.GetPtr(), base * PAGE_SIZE,
               (base + size) * PAGE_SIZE);
 
     RasterizerFlushVirtualRegion(base << PAGE_BITS, size * PAGE_SIZE,
@@ -143,7 +224,7 @@ void MemorySystem::MapPages(PageTable& page_table, u32 base, u32 size, u8* memor
     }
 }
 
-void MemorySystem::MapMemoryRegion(PageTable& page_table, VAddr base, u32 size, u8* target) {
+void MemorySystem::MapMemoryRegion(PageTable& page_table, VAddr base, u32 size, MemoryRef target) {
     ASSERT_MSG((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0, "non-page aligned size: {:08X}", size);
     ASSERT_MSG((base & PAGE_MASK) == 0, "non-page aligned base: {:08X}", base);
     MapPages(page_table, base / PAGE_SIZE, size / PAGE_SIZE, target, PageType::Memory);
@@ -164,15 +245,15 @@ void MemorySystem::UnmapRegion(PageTable& page_table, VAddr base, u32 size) {
     MapPages(page_table, base / PAGE_SIZE, size / PAGE_SIZE, nullptr, PageType::Unmapped);
 }
 
-u8* MemorySystem::GetPointerForRasterizerCache(VAddr addr) {
+MemoryRef MemorySystem::GetPointerForRasterizerCache(VAddr addr) {
     if (addr >= LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR && addr < LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR_END) {
-        return impl->fcram.get() + (addr - LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR);
+        return {impl->fcram_mem, addr - LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR};
     }
     if (addr >= NEW_LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR && addr < NEW_LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR_END) {
-        return impl->fcram.get() + (addr - NEW_LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR);
+        return {impl->fcram_mem, addr - NEW_LINEAR_HEAP_VADDR};
     }
     if (addr >= VRAM_VADDR && addr < VRAM_VADDR_END) {
-        return impl->vram.get() + (addr - VRAM_VADDR);
+        return {impl->vram_mem, addr - VRAM_VADDR};
     }
     UNREACHABLE();
 }
@@ -271,7 +352,7 @@ void MemorySystem::Write(const VAddr vaddr, const T data) {
 bool IsValidVirtualAddress(const Kernel::Process& process, const VAddr vaddr) {
     auto& page_table = process.vm_manager.page_table;
 
-    const u8* page_pointer = page_table.pointers[vaddr >> PAGE_BITS];
+    auto page_pointer = page_table.pointers[vaddr >> PAGE_BITS];
     if (page_pointer)
         return true;
 
@@ -323,6 +404,10 @@ std::string MemorySystem::ReadCString(VAddr vaddr, std::size_t max_length) {
 }
 
 u8* MemorySystem::GetPhysicalPointer(PAddr address) {
+    return GetPhysicalRef(address);
+}
+
+MemoryRef MemorySystem::GetPhysicalRef(PAddr address) {
     struct MemoryArea {
         PAddr paddr_base;
         u32 size;
@@ -349,25 +434,25 @@ u8* MemorySystem::GetPhysicalPointer(PAddr address) {
 
     u32 offset_into_region = address - area->paddr_base;
 
-    u8* target_pointer = nullptr;
+    std::shared_ptr<BackingMem> target_mem = nullptr;
     switch (area->paddr_base) {
     case VRAM_PADDR:
-        target_pointer = impl->vram.get() + offset_into_region;
+        target_mem = impl->vram_mem;
         break;
     case DSP_RAM_PADDR:
-        target_pointer = impl->dsp->GetDspMemory().data() + offset_into_region;
+        target_mem = impl->dsp_mem;
         break;
     case FCRAM_PADDR:
-        target_pointer = impl->fcram.get() + offset_into_region;
+        target_mem = impl->fcram_mem;
         break;
     case N3DS_EXTRA_RAM_PADDR:
-        target_pointer = impl->n3ds_extra_ram.get() + offset_into_region;
+        target_mem = impl->n3ds_extra_ram_mem;
         break;
     default:
         UNREACHABLE();
     }
 
-    return target_pointer;
+    return {target_mem, offset_into_region};
 }
 
 /// For a rasterizer-accessible PAddr, gets a list of all possible VAddr
@@ -781,7 +866,7 @@ void WriteMMIO<u64>(MMIORegionPointer mmio_handler, VAddr addr, const u64 data)
     mmio_handler->Write64(addr, data);
 }
 
-u32 MemorySystem::GetFCRAMOffset(u8* pointer) {
+u32 MemorySystem::GetFCRAMOffset(const u8* pointer) {
     ASSERT(pointer >= impl->fcram.get() && pointer <= impl->fcram.get() + Memory::FCRAM_N3DS_SIZE);
     return pointer - impl->fcram.get();
 }
@@ -791,6 +876,11 @@ u8* MemorySystem::GetFCRAMPointer(u32 offset) {
     return impl->fcram.get() + offset;
 }
 
+MemoryRef MemorySystem::GetFCRAMRef(u32 offset) {
+    ASSERT(offset <= Memory::FCRAM_N3DS_SIZE);
+    return MemoryRef(impl->fcram_mem, offset);
+}
+
 void MemorySystem::SetDSP(AudioCore::DspInterface& dsp) {
     impl->dsp = &dsp;
 }

src/core/memory.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <boost/serialization/array.hpp>
 #include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/memory_ref.h"
 #include "core/mmio.h"
 
 class ARM_Interface;
@@ -77,7 +78,48 @@ struct PageTable {
      * Array of memory pointers backing each page. An entry can only be non-null if the
      * corresponding entry in the `attributes` array is of type `Memory`.
      */
-    std::array<u8*, PAGE_TABLE_NUM_ENTRIES> pointers;
+
+    // The reason for this rigmarole is to keep the 'raw' and 'refs' arrays in sync.
+    // We need 'raw' for dynarmic and 'refs' for serialization
+    struct Pointers {
+
+        struct Entry {
+            Entry(Pointers& pointers_, VAddr idx_) : pointers(pointers_), idx(idx_) {}
+
+            inline void operator=(MemoryRef value) {
+                pointers.refs[idx] = value;
+                pointers.raw[idx] = value.GetPtr();
+            }
+
+            inline operator u8*() {
+                return pointers.raw[idx];
+            }
+
+        private:
+            Pointers& pointers;
+            VAddr idx;
+        };
+
+        inline Entry operator[](VAddr idx) {
+            return Entry(*this, idx);
+        }
+
+        inline u8* operator[](VAddr idx) const {
+            return raw[idx];
+        }
+
+        inline Entry operator[](std::size_t idx) {
+            return Entry(*this, static_cast<VAddr>(idx));
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::array<u8*, PAGE_TABLE_NUM_ENTRIES> raw;
+
+        std::array<MemoryRef, PAGE_TABLE_NUM_ENTRIES> refs;
+
+        friend struct PageTable;
+    };
+    Pointers pointers;
 
     /**
      * Contains MMIO handlers that back memory regions whose entries in the `attribute` array is of
@@ -91,12 +133,21 @@ struct PageTable {
      */
     std::array<PageType, PAGE_TABLE_NUM_ENTRIES> attributes;
 
+    inline std::array<u8*, PAGE_TABLE_NUM_ENTRIES>& GetPointerArray() {
+        return pointers.raw;
+    }
+
+    void Clear();
+
 private:
     template <class Archive>
     void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int) {
-        // TODO: Pointers; same as VMA backing regions we need to serialize the u8*
+        ar& pointers.refs;
         ar& special_regions;
         ar& attributes;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < PAGE_TABLE_NUM_ENTRIES; i++) {
+            pointers.raw[i] = pointers.refs[i].GetPtr();
+        }
     }
     friend class boost::serialization::access;
 };
@@ -142,6 +193,8 @@ enum : PAddr {
     FCRAM_N3DS_PADDR_END = FCRAM_PADDR + FCRAM_N3DS_SIZE,
 };
 
+enum class Region { FCRAM, VRAM, DSP, N3DS };
+
 /// Virtual user-space memory regions
 enum : VAddr {
     /// Where the application text, data and bss reside.
@@ -249,7 +302,7 @@ public:
      * @param size The amount of bytes to map. Must be page-aligned.
      * @param target Buffer with the memory backing the mapping. Must be of length at least `size`.
      */
-    void MapMemoryRegion(PageTable& page_table, VAddr base, u32 size, u8* target);
+    void MapMemoryRegion(PageTable& page_table, VAddr base, u32 size, MemoryRef target);
 
     /**
      * Maps a region of the emulated process address space as a IO region.
@@ -293,16 +346,21 @@ public:
      */
     u8* GetPhysicalPointer(PAddr address);
 
+    MemoryRef GetPhysicalRef(PAddr address);
+
     u8* GetPointer(VAddr vaddr);
 
     bool IsValidPhysicalAddress(PAddr paddr);
 
     /// Gets offset in FCRAM from a pointer inside FCRAM range
-    u32 GetFCRAMOffset(u8* pointer);
+    u32 GetFCRAMOffset(const u8* pointer);
 
     /// Gets pointer in FCRAM with given offset
     u8* GetFCRAMPointer(u32 offset);
 
+    /// Gets a serializable ref to FCRAM with the given offset
+    MemoryRef GetFCRAMRef(u32 offset);
+
     /**
      * Mark each page touching the region as cached.
      */
@@ -329,9 +387,9 @@ private:
      * Since the cache only happens on linear heap or VRAM, we know the exact physical address and
      * pointer of such virtual address
      */
-    u8* GetPointerForRasterizerCache(VAddr addr);
+    MemoryRef GetPointerForRasterizerCache(VAddr addr);
 
-    void MapPages(PageTable& page_table, u32 base, u32 size, u8* memory, PageType type);
+    void MapPages(PageTable& page_table, u32 base, u32 size, MemoryRef memory, PageType type);
 
     class Impl;
 
@@ -340,9 +398,18 @@ private:
     friend class boost::serialization::access;
     template <class Archive>
     void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int file_version);
+
+public:
+    template <Region R>
+    class BackingMemImpl;
 };
 
 /// Determines if the given VAddr is valid for the specified process.
 bool IsValidVirtualAddress(const Kernel::Process& process, VAddr vaddr);
 
 } // namespace Memory
+
+BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT_KEY(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::FCRAM>)
+BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT_KEY(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::VRAM>)
+BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT_KEY(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::DSP>)
+BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT_KEY(Memory::MemorySystem::BackingMemImpl<Memory::Region::N3DS>)

src/tests/core/arm/arm_test_common.cpp

@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ TestEnvironment::TestEnvironment(bool mutable_memory_)
     kernel->SetCurrentProcess(kernel->CreateProcess(kernel->CreateCodeSet("", 0)));
     page_table = &kernel->GetCurrentProcess()->vm_manager.page_table;
 
-    page_table->pointers.fill(nullptr);
+    page_table->Clear();
-    page_table->attributes.fill(Memory::PageType::Unmapped);
 
     memory->MapIoRegion(*page_table, 0x00000000, 0x80000000, test_memory);
     memory->MapIoRegion(*page_table, 0x80000000, 0x80000000, test_memory);

src/tests/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.cpp

@@ -138,67 +138,70 @@ TEST_CASE("HLERequestContext::PopulateFromIncomingCommandBuffer", "[core][kernel
     }
 
     SECTION("translates StaticBuffer descriptors") {
-        auto buffer = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        auto mem = std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
-        std::fill(buffer->begin(), buffer->end(), 0xAB);
+        MemoryRef buffer{mem};
+        std::fill(buffer.GetPtr(), buffer.GetPtr() + buffer.GetSize(), 0xAB);
 
         VAddr target_address = 0x10000000;
-        auto result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(target_address, buffer->data(),
+        auto result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(target_address, buffer, buffer.GetSize(),
-                                                           buffer->size(), MemoryState::Private);
+                                                           MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         const u32_le input[]{
             IPC::MakeHeader(0, 0, 2),
-            IPC::StaticBufferDesc(buffer->size(), 0),
+            IPC::StaticBufferDesc(buffer.GetSize(), 0),
             target_address,
         };
 
         context.PopulateFromIncomingCommandBuffer(input, *process);
 
-        CHECK(context.GetStaticBuffer(0) == *buffer);
+        CHECK(context.GetStaticBuffer(0) == mem->Vector());
 
-        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, buffer->size()) == RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, buffer.GetSize()) == RESULT_SUCCESS);
     }
 
     SECTION("translates MappedBuffer descriptors") {
-        auto buffer = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        auto mem = std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
-        std::fill(buffer->begin(), buffer->end(), 0xCD);
+        MemoryRef buffer{mem};
+        std::fill(buffer.GetPtr(), buffer.GetPtr() + buffer.GetSize(), 0xCD);
 
         VAddr target_address = 0x10000000;
-        auto result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(target_address, buffer->data(),
+        auto result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(target_address, buffer, buffer.GetSize(),
-                                                           buffer->size(), MemoryState::Private);
+                                                           MemoryState::Private);
 
         const u32_le input[]{
             IPC::MakeHeader(0, 0, 2),
-            IPC::MappedBufferDesc(buffer->size(), IPC::R),
+            IPC::MappedBufferDesc(buffer.GetSize(), IPC::R),
             target_address,
         };
 
         context.PopulateFromIncomingCommandBuffer(input, *process);
 
-        std::vector<u8> other_buffer(buffer->size());
+        std::vector<u8> other_buffer(buffer.GetSize());
-        context.GetMappedBuffer(0).Read(other_buffer.data(), 0, buffer->size());
+        context.GetMappedBuffer(0).Read(other_buffer.data(), 0, buffer.GetSize());
 
-        CHECK(other_buffer == *buffer);
+        CHECK(other_buffer == mem->Vector());
 
-        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, buffer->size()) == RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, buffer.GetSize()) == RESULT_SUCCESS);
     }
 
     SECTION("translates mixed params") {
-        auto buffer_static = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        auto mem_static = std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
-        std::fill(buffer_static->begin(), buffer_static->end(), 0xCE);
+        MemoryRef buffer_static{mem_static};
+        std::fill(buffer_static.GetPtr(), buffer_static.GetPtr() + buffer_static.GetSize(), 0xCE);
 
-        auto buffer_mapped = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        auto mem_mapped = std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
-        std::fill(buffer_mapped->begin(), buffer_mapped->end(), 0xDF);
+        MemoryRef buffer_mapped{mem_mapped};
+        std::fill(buffer_mapped.GetPtr(), buffer_mapped.GetPtr() + buffer_mapped.GetSize(), 0xDF);
 
         VAddr target_address_static = 0x10000000;
-        auto result =
+        auto result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(
-            process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(target_address_static, buffer_static->data(),
+            target_address_static, buffer_static, buffer_static.GetSize(), MemoryState::Private);
-                                                 buffer_static->size(), MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         VAddr target_address_mapped = 0x20000000;
-        result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(target_address_mapped, buffer_mapped->data(),
+        result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(
-                                                      buffer_mapped->size(), MemoryState::Private);
+            target_address_mapped, buffer_mapped, buffer_mapped.GetSize(), MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         auto a = MakeObject(kernel);
@@ -210,9 +213,9 @@ TEST_CASE("HLERequestContext::PopulateFromIncomingCommandBuffer", "[core][kernel
             process->handle_table.Create(a).Unwrap(),
             IPC::CallingPidDesc(),
             0,
-            IPC::StaticBufferDesc(buffer_static->size(), 0),
+            IPC::StaticBufferDesc(buffer_static.GetSize(), 0),
             target_address_static,
-            IPC::MappedBufferDesc(buffer_mapped->size(), IPC::R),
+            IPC::MappedBufferDesc(buffer_mapped.GetSize(), IPC::R),
             target_address_mapped,
         };
 
@@ -223,14 +226,14 @@ TEST_CASE("HLERequestContext::PopulateFromIncomingCommandBuffer", "[core][kernel
         CHECK(output[2] == 0xABCDEF00);
         CHECK(context.GetIncomingHandle(output[4]) == a);
         CHECK(output[6] == process->process_id);
-        CHECK(context.GetStaticBuffer(0) == *buffer_static);
+        CHECK(context.GetStaticBuffer(0) == mem_static->Vector());
-        std::vector<u8> other_buffer(buffer_mapped->size());
+        std::vector<u8> other_buffer(buffer_mapped.GetSize());
-        context.GetMappedBuffer(0).Read(other_buffer.data(), 0, buffer_mapped->size());
+        context.GetMappedBuffer(0).Read(other_buffer.data(), 0, buffer_mapped.GetSize());
-        CHECK(other_buffer == *buffer_mapped);
+        CHECK(other_buffer == mem_mapped->Vector());
 
-        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address_static, buffer_static->size()) ==
+        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address_static, buffer_static.GetSize()) ==
                 RESULT_SUCCESS);
-        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address_mapped, buffer_mapped->size()) ==
+        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address_mapped, buffer_mapped.GetSize()) ==
                 RESULT_SUCCESS);
     }
 }
@@ -317,10 +320,12 @@ TEST_CASE("HLERequestContext::WriteToOutgoingCommandBuffer", "[core][kernel]") {
 
         context.AddStaticBuffer(0, input_buffer);
 
-        auto output_buffer = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        auto output_mem = std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        MemoryRef output_buffer{output_mem};
+
         VAddr target_address = 0x10000000;
         auto result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(
-            target_address, output_buffer->data(), output_buffer->size(), MemoryState::Private);
+            target_address, output_buffer, output_buffer.GetSize(), MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         input[0] = IPC::MakeHeader(0, 0, 2);
@@ -332,13 +337,13 @@ TEST_CASE("HLERequestContext::WriteToOutgoingCommandBuffer", "[core][kernel]") {
         std::array<u32_le, IPC::COMMAND_BUFFER_LENGTH + 2> output_cmdbuff;
         // Set up the output StaticBuffer
         output_cmdbuff[IPC::COMMAND_BUFFER_LENGTH] =
-            IPC::StaticBufferDesc(output_buffer->size(), 0);
+            IPC::StaticBufferDesc(output_buffer.GetSize(), 0);
         output_cmdbuff[IPC::COMMAND_BUFFER_LENGTH + 1] = target_address;
 
         context.WriteToOutgoingCommandBuffer(output_cmdbuff.data(), *process);
 
-        CHECK(*output_buffer == input_buffer);
+        CHECK(output_mem->Vector() == input_buffer);
-        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, output_buffer->size()) ==
+        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, output_buffer.GetSize()) ==
                 RESULT_SUCCESS);
     }
 
@@ -346,15 +351,17 @@ TEST_CASE("HLERequestContext::WriteToOutgoingCommandBuffer", "[core][kernel]") {
         std::vector<u8> input_buffer(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
         std::fill(input_buffer.begin(), input_buffer.end(), 0xAB);
 
-        auto output_buffer = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        auto output_mem = std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+        MemoryRef output_buffer{output_mem};
+
         VAddr target_address = 0x10000000;
         auto result = process->vm_manager.MapBackingMemory(
-            target_address, output_buffer->data(), output_buffer->size(), MemoryState::Private);
+            target_address, output_buffer, output_buffer.GetSize(), MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         const u32_le input_cmdbuff[]{
             IPC::MakeHeader(0, 0, 2),
-            IPC::MappedBufferDesc(output_buffer->size(), IPC::W),
+            IPC::MappedBufferDesc(output_buffer.GetSize(), IPC::W),
             target_address,
         };
 
@@ -363,15 +370,15 @@ TEST_CASE("HLERequestContext::WriteToOutgoingCommandBuffer", "[core][kernel]") {
         context.GetMappedBuffer(0).Write(input_buffer.data(), 0, input_buffer.size());
 
         input[0] = IPC::MakeHeader(0, 0, 2);
-        input[1] = IPC::MappedBufferDesc(output_buffer->size(), IPC::W);
+        input[1] = IPC::MappedBufferDesc(output_buffer.GetSize(), IPC::W);
         input[2] = 0;
 
         context.WriteToOutgoingCommandBuffer(output, *process);
 
-        CHECK(output[1] == IPC::MappedBufferDesc(output_buffer->size(), IPC::W));
+        CHECK(output[1] == IPC::MappedBufferDesc(output_buffer.GetSize(), IPC::W));
         CHECK(output[2] == target_address);
-        CHECK(*output_buffer == input_buffer);
+        CHECK(output_mem->Vector() == input_buffer);
-        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, output_buffer->size()) ==
+        REQUIRE(process->vm_manager.UnmapRange(target_address, output_buffer.GetSize()) ==
                 RESULT_SUCCESS);
     }
 }

src/tests/core/memory/vm_manager.cpp

@@ -10,47 +10,48 @@
 #include "core/memory.h"
 
 TEST_CASE("Memory Basics", "[kernel][memory]") {
-    auto block = std::make_shared<std::vector<u8>>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+    auto mem = std::make_shared<BufferMem>(Memory::PAGE_SIZE);
+    MemoryRef block{mem};
     Memory::MemorySystem memory;
     SECTION("mapping memory") {
         // Because of the PageTable, Kernel::VMManager is too big to be created on the stack.
         auto manager = std::make_unique<Kernel::VMManager>(memory);
-        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->data(), block->size(),
+        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block, block.GetSize(),
                                                 Kernel::MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         auto vma = manager->FindVMA(Memory::HEAP_VADDR);
         CHECK(vma != manager->vma_map.end());
-        CHECK(vma->second.size == block->size());
+        CHECK(vma->second.size == block.GetSize());
         CHECK(vma->second.type == Kernel::VMAType::BackingMemory);
-        CHECK(vma->second.backing_memory == block->data());
+        CHECK(vma->second.backing_memory.GetPtr() == block.GetPtr());
         CHECK(vma->second.meminfo_state == Kernel::MemoryState::Private);
     }
 
     SECTION("unmapping memory") {
         // Because of the PageTable, Kernel::VMManager is too big to be created on the stack.
         auto manager = std::make_unique<Kernel::VMManager>(memory);
-        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->data(), block->size(),
+        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block, block.GetSize(),
                                                 Kernel::MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
-        ResultCode code = manager->UnmapRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size());
+        ResultCode code = manager->UnmapRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize());
         REQUIRE(code == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         auto vma = manager->FindVMA(Memory::HEAP_VADDR);
         CHECK(vma != manager->vma_map.end());
         CHECK(vma->second.type == Kernel::VMAType::Free);
-        CHECK(vma->second.backing_memory == nullptr);
+        CHECK(vma->second.backing_memory.GetPtr() == nullptr);
     }
 
     SECTION("changing memory permissions") {
         // Because of the PageTable, Kernel::VMManager is too big to be created on the stack.
         auto manager = std::make_unique<Kernel::VMManager>(memory);
-        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->data(), block->size(),
+        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block, block.GetSize(),
                                                 Kernel::MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
-        ResultCode code = manager->ReprotectRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size(),
+        ResultCode code = manager->ReprotectRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize(),
                                                   Kernel::VMAPermission::Execute);
         CHECK(code == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
@@ -58,24 +59,24 @@ TEST_CASE("Memory Basics", "[kernel][memory]") {
         CHECK(vma != manager->vma_map.end());
         CHECK(vma->second.permissions == Kernel::VMAPermission::Execute);
 
-        code = manager->UnmapRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size());
+        code = manager->UnmapRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize());
         REQUIRE(code == RESULT_SUCCESS);
     }
 
     SECTION("changing memory state") {
         // Because of the PageTable, Kernel::VMManager is too big to be created on the stack.
         auto manager = std::make_unique<Kernel::VMManager>(memory);
-        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->data(), block->size(),
+        auto result = manager->MapBackingMemory(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block, block.GetSize(),
                                                 Kernel::MemoryState::Private);
         REQUIRE(result.Code() == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
-        ResultCode code = manager->ReprotectRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size(),
+        ResultCode code = manager->ReprotectRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize(),
                                                   Kernel::VMAPermission::ReadWrite);
         REQUIRE(code == RESULT_SUCCESS);
 
         SECTION("with invalid address") {
             ResultCode code = manager->ChangeMemoryState(
-                0xFFFFFFFF, block->size(), Kernel::MemoryState::Locked,
+                0xFFFFFFFF, block.GetSize(), Kernel::MemoryState::Locked,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::ReadWrite, Kernel::MemoryState::Aliased,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::Execute);
             CHECK(code == Kernel::ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS);
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Memory Basics", "[kernel][memory]") {
 
         SECTION("ignoring the original permissions") {
             ResultCode code = manager->ChangeMemoryState(
-                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size(), Kernel::MemoryState::Private,
+                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize(), Kernel::MemoryState::Private,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::None, Kernel::MemoryState::Locked,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::Write);
             CHECK(code == RESULT_SUCCESS);
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Memory Basics", "[kernel][memory]") {
 
         SECTION("enforcing the original permissions with correct expectations") {
             ResultCode code = manager->ChangeMemoryState(
-                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size(), Kernel::MemoryState::Private,
+                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize(), Kernel::MemoryState::Private,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::ReadWrite, Kernel::MemoryState::Aliased,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::Execute);
             CHECK(code == RESULT_SUCCESS);
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Memory Basics", "[kernel][memory]") {
 
         SECTION("with incorrect permission expectations") {
             ResultCode code = manager->ChangeMemoryState(
-                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size(), Kernel::MemoryState::Private,
+                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize(), Kernel::MemoryState::Private,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::Execute, Kernel::MemoryState::Aliased,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::Execute);
             CHECK(code == Kernel::ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS_STATE);
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Memory Basics", "[kernel][memory]") {
 
         SECTION("with incorrect state expectations") {
             ResultCode code = manager->ChangeMemoryState(
-                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size(), Kernel::MemoryState::Locked,
+                Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize(), Kernel::MemoryState::Locked,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::ReadWrite, Kernel::MemoryState::Aliased,
                 Kernel::VMAPermission::Execute);
             CHECK(code == Kernel::ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS_STATE);
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ TEST_CASE("Memory Basics", "[kernel][memory]") {
             CHECK(vma->second.meminfo_state == Kernel::MemoryState::Private);
         }
 
-        code = manager->UnmapRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block->size());
+        code = manager->UnmapRange(Memory::HEAP_VADDR, block.GetSize());
         REQUIRE(code == RESULT_SUCCESS);
     }
 }